Lilly Library Publications Online

The Stuart Mss., 1730-1841, are the papers of Sir Charles Stuart, who was Baron de Rothesay and served as a British diplomat in Brazil. He negotiated the recognition of Brazilian independence by Portugal and treaties on the abolition of the Brazilian slave trade and on Anglo-Brazilian commerce. His archive contains documents relating to his diplomatic mission in Brazil as well as private correspondence. For a more complete view, consult: http://www.indiana.edu/~liblilly/lilly/mss/index.php?p=stuart. Notable items in the collection include:

• 1799. Couto, José Vieira. Memoria sobre a Capitania das Minas Gerais. Seu Territorio, Clima e Produccoes Metalicas....Tudo por Ordem de Sua Majestade anno de 1799. 134 folios with dedication to the Queen. Signed by Vieira Couto and dated January 3, 1799.
• 1824. Copy and English translation of D. João VI's transference of powers to the Prince Regent in Brazil. [1811-1824, Apr. 29]
• 1825. Armistice document between Portugal and Brazil. Presented to the Brazilian Ministers in 1825.
• 1825. Letter from D. João VI to Sir Charles Stuart in which he bestows upon him the title of Conde de Machico (Ilha da Madeira) for services in drawing up the treaty between Portugal and Brazil titled the Tratado de Aliança. A royal medallion on a red cord is attached to the document. [1825, June-Nov. 21]
• 1825. Family Pact between H.M. the King of Portugal and the Algarves and H.M. the Emperor of Brazil. (Includes both English and Portuguese versions and early drafts.) [1825, June-Nov. 21]
• 1825. Two letters from Padre José Martiniano de Alencar (1798-1860) to Sir Charles Stuart dated 26 April 1825 and 26 Oct. 1825. Alencar was the father of novelist José de Alencar. A politician and priest, he was a deputado in Lisbon when Brazilian independence was declared. Often referred to as the "rebel priest," he participated in the 1817 Pernambuco revolt for independence and was arrested numerous times for his political activities. In the first letter to Stuart, he writes that he was arrested in Minas Gerais by the military, which took him 600 leagues through Minas, parts of Bahia and Pernambuco prior to arriving in Rio, where he was imprisoned. He asks Stuart to recognize his service to the nation and to plead his case to the Emperor to allow him to remain in Rio for his tribunal hearing. He worried that a trip back to Ceará, his birthplace, for a hearing would create undue hardships for him. In the second letter, he remarks that he has been in prison in Rio for one year. He repeats his case made in the April missive: "Victim of the most atrocious calamities, I find myself plunged in the dungeons of Rio de Janeiro, and after all the suffering of a journey by land of 600 leagues and after all the privations attendant upon a whole year's confinement in prison, I am threatened with another voyage by sea, in order that I may be made to appear before a military tribunal established within the Province of Ceara, which is the place of my habitual residence" [from the enclosed translation provided to Stuart]. He again requests Stuart's help in convincing Pedro I to allow him to stay in Rio to prove the facts his case. The reason for his imprisonment is never mentioned.
• 1825. Printed official decree. Do Príncipe Regente aos Governadores do Reino de Portugal e os Algarves. Impressão Régia, n.d. This decree by Dom João provided funds from the Rendas das Alfândegas for Portugal's recovery from the destruction caused by the Napoleonic invasion. [Jan-May 1825]
• 1826. Various documents in Portuguese and English on the abolition of the Brazilian slave trade. [Jan 1-9; Dec. 9-31, 1826]

Boxer Mss. is an archive that includes personal papers, publications and manuscripts of British historian Charles R. Boxer (1904-2000). A military officer, Boxer served in Japan and China and was a POW in Japan from 1941 to 1945. Later, as an academic, he wrote extensively on the Portuguese presence in East Asia during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. He also wrote a seminal book on the Dutch presence in Brazil in the seventeenth century and articles on race relations in Brazil.

His archive can be found at http://www.indiana.edu/~liblilly/lilly/mss/index.php?p=boxer. The following is a sampling from his large collection of correspondence.

• Rodrigues, Jóse Honório, 16 April 1959. Rodrigues writes as Director of the Arquivo Nacional in the Ministério de Justiça e Negócios Interiores. This is a reply to an earlier letter from Boxer about the dire economic situation in Brazil. Rodrigues's reply focuses on the disparities in some areas pertaining to education in Brazil. "[A Universidade da Bahia] tem grandes verbas conseguidas por um Reitor, que as defende na Câmara. Gasta, às vezes, --como é o caso da Reitoria do Rio, com excessivo splendor—que o Baiano ama, com maus ou insignificantes livros em edições de luxo, em contraste com a pobreza do ensino primário e os 50% de analfabetismo."
  
• Rodrigues, Jóse Honório. 6 June 1964. This reply to Boxer addresses Armando Cortesão's less than favorable review of Boxer's publications, "Negro Slavery in Brazil" and "Race Relations in the Portuguese Colonial Empire." While discussing Boxer's works, Rodrigues adds a comment on Gilberto Freyre: "A posição de Gilberto Freyre é lastimável e dia a dia ele caminha pelos atalhos do obscurantismo."
• Eulálio, Alexandre. 12 Sept. 1959. Boxer had an extensive correspondence with Eulálio, who was the editor of the Revista do Livro published by the Instituto Nacional do Livro. In this letter, Eulálio tells Boxer that he has sent him the two-volume História administrativa do Brasil that Boxer requested, along with a few other items. Their relationship was founded on mutual interest in scholarship on Brazil and they regularly sent one another books and other information.
  
• Eulálio, Alexandre. 12 Nov. 1959. Eulálio asks if Boxer will send a copy of Elizabeth Bishop's translation, The Diary of Helena Morley, to geographer Peter Haggett at Cambridge University. The translation was not available in Brazil.
• Knopf, Alfred A. 7 Oct. 1959. Knopf's letter refers to a contract for Boxer's book [title not mentioned, although likely The Portuguese Empire 1415-1825 (1969)].
• Hanke, Lewis. 27 Oct. 1959. Hanke, who worked at the Hispanic American Historical Review, asked Boxer to write a review of Joseph de Anchieta S. J.: De gestis mendis se saa poema dos feitos de Mem de Sá. Hanke repeatedly showed his friendship and respect for Boxer by addressing him with such titles as "Patriarca" in his letters.
• Serrão Joel. 15 Nov. 1970. As head of the Grêmio Literário in Lisbon, Serrão wrote to invite Boxer to participate in an international colloquium on the nineteenth century.
• Schwartz, Stuart. 16 Nov. 1970. In this letter written while at the University of Minnesota, Schwartz discusses the relationship between Jesuits António Vieira and Diogo Marchão Temudo.
• Bishop, Elizabeth. 15 Feb. 1970. From Caixa Postal 79, Ouro Preto. Anyone who has read Elizabeth Bishop's One Art: Letters (1995) knows that Bishop was an extraordinary correspondent. Here Bishop thanks Boxer for replying to an earlier letter and for sending his pamphlet [no title mentioned]. She comments on George Kubler's Art and Architecture and tells Boxer that there is an error in the book on page 113. The error has to do with Kubler's comment that the Church of Nossa Senhora da Glória was destroyed when the Avenida Getúlio Vargas was built. At this time in her life, Bishop was trying to sell her Ouro Preto home, and she writes about pied-a-terre style purchases made there by the well-to-do living in Brasília. She mentions that she is working on a book of prose pieces about Brazil, asks him if he is acquainted with Mineiridade by Sylvio de Vasconcellos and offers to send it if he does not have a copy.
• Cagle, William R. 23 Nov. 1970. Cagle was Assistant Lilly Librarian when Boxer first came to teach at Indiana and he was responsible for the acquisition of Boxer's papers. In this letter, Cagle informs him of Brazilian materials purchased at his suggestion.

The Boxer Mss. Writings contains articles, books and lectures prepared by Boxer. The following are two interesting examples.

• Brazil at the Dawn. This notebook contains sixty-four handwritten pages of a translation by Boxer of André João Antonil's, Cultura e opulencia do Brasil por suas drogas e minas: com varias noticias curiosas do modo de fazer o assucar; plantar e beneficiar o tabaco; tirar ouro das minas e descobrir as do prata; e dos grandes emolumentos que esta conquista da America Meridional dá ao Reyno de Portugal, com estes e outros generos, e contratos reaes. Lisbon: Officina Real Deslandesiana, 1711. Antonil was the pseudonym of Italian Jesuit Giovanni Antonio Andreoni, who wrote this highly detailed chronicle of the agricultural and mineral wealth in Brazil. The book was a major source of consternation back in Portugal because any information on the mines was considered confidential to the Crown. Shortly after the book's publication in 1711, all available copies were seized. Historian Capistrano de Abreu later uncovered the identity of Antonil. Boxer's source for the translation was a bound photocopy of the original 1711 edition, which is in the Lilly archive. Boxer's translation includes all of Livro I and the first four chapters in Livro II.
• The Church Militant and Iberian Expansion. Four handwritten lectures on race relations and cultural interactions which were presented at Yale in 1976.

• "Transformation of the City (Rio) from Its Founding to the Present." The text describes the Senado, Castello Hill, Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas, Favelas, Avenida Getúlio Vargas, St. Antonio Hill, Skyscrapers, Carnival, and Macumba. Based on the essay, "Evolução da cidade desde sua fundação até hoje." [Box 20, f. 1]
• "The History of Rio Grande do Norte and Legends, Customs and Traditions of the Northeast" by Edmar Mórel, Rio, Apr. 1942. Based on Mórel's "A história do Rio Grande do Norte e as lendas, costumes e tradições do nordeste." [Box 20, folder 2]
• "Primitivos habitantes do Rio Grande do Sul," by Ernani Fornari, Apr. 42; "Porque os sulistas sao guerreiros?" by Fornari (n.d.); and "Lendas e superstições riograndenses,"by Fornari, Apr. 1942. The last item contains sections on figures such as the Negrinho do Pastoreiro and Boi-tatá [Box 20, folder 3]
• "Aventureiros românticos VIII" by Ernani Fornari. N.d. The document describes the arrival of Italian revolutionary Guiseppe Garibaldi to Brazil and his involvement in the Rio Grande do Sul republican war, also known as the Guerra dos Farrapos. [Box 20, folder 4]
• "The Brazilian Rubber History" by Miranda Bastos. Translation of his "Foi por mero acidente que a região produtora da melhor borracha do mundo se tornou brasileira," n.d. [Box 20, folder 5]
• "The Genealogy of Samba and Other Aspects of an Unquiet Life" by R. Meltzer, n.d.;
• "Villa Izabel (Origin of samba): A Parallel between Stephen Foster and Noel Rosa," n.d.;
• "The Truth about Samba," n.d. by Rui Costa [Box 20, folder 7]
• "Samba Goes to Town, by Alex Viany. N.d. Viany was a director and film critic. His essay is about Rio's famous Praça Onze. He writes: "Praça Onze is like the African Embassy in Rio during Carnaval [sic]. Its feasts are the biggest social events for the Carioca negro. Those feasts are like gigantic Harlem jam-an-swing sessions elevated to the highest degree. They are really unique in the world. And they can't be imitated." [Box 20, folder 7]